Iraq: Saddam Hussein's Destruction of the Mesopotamian Marshes

Reference List

Scientific Papers

Al-Ghadban, Abdul Nabi, T. Saeed, A.M. Al-Dousari, H. Al-Shemmari, and M. Al-Mutairi. 1999. Preliminary assessment of the impact of draining of Iraqi marshes on Kuwait's northern marine environment. Part I. Physical manipulation. Water Science and Technology: 40: 7, pp. 75-87.

Saeed, Talat, A.N. Al-Ghadban, H. Al-Shemmari, M. Al-Mutairi, and H. Al-Hashash. 1999. Preliminary assessment of the impact of draining of Iraqi marshes on Kuwait's northern marine environment. Part II. Sediment associated pollutants. Water Science and Technology: 40: 7, pp. 89-98.

Munro, D.C. and H. Touron. 1997. The estimation of marshland degradation in southern Iraq using multitemporal Landsat TM images. International Journal of Remote Sensing: 18: 7, pp. 1597-1606.

Popular Articles

Editorial. 2001. Water wars. New Scientist: 170: 2291, 19 May 2001, p 3.

Fell, Nolan. 1996. Outcasts from Eden. New Scientist: 31 August 1996, pp. 24-27.

North, Andrew. 1993. Saddam's water war. Geographical Magazine: 65: 7, July 1993, pp. 10-14.

Pidgeon, Chris. 1993. Saving the Marsh Arabs (letter to editor). Geographical Magazine: 65: 9, September 1993, p. 52.

Pearce, Fred. 1993. Draining life from Iraq's marshes. New Scientist: 17 April 1993, pp. 11-12.

Pearce, Fred. 2001. Iraqi wetlands face total destruction. New Scientist: 170: 2291, 19 May 2001, pp. 4-5.

Thesiger, Wilfred. 1958. Marsh dwellers of southern Iraq: primitive Ma'dan, building cathedral-like houses of reeds, share a watery domain with buffaloes and wild boars. National Geographic: February 1958, pp. 204-239.

Young, Gavin. 1976. Water dwellers in a desert world. National Geographic: April 1976, pp. 502-523.

Books

al-Bayati, Hamid. 1994. Destruction of the southern marshes. pp. 141-146 in Fran Hazelton, ed., Iraq Since the Gulf War: Prospects for Democracy. London and Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey: Zed Books, Ltd., 260 pp.

al-Shahristani, Hussein. 1994. Suppression and survival of Iraqi Shi'is. pp. 134-140 in Fran Hazelton, ed., Iraq Since the Gulf War: Prospects for Democracy. London and Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey: Zed Books, Ltd., 260 pp.

Rzóska, Julian, J.F. Talling, and K.E. Bannister. 1980. Euphrates and Tigris: Mesopotamian ecology and destiny. The Hague; Boston: W. Junk.

Thesiger, Wilfred. 1964. The Marsh Arabs. New York: Dutton, 242 pp.

Are you aware of other references that should be here? Please let me know, and I'll add them to this list. Contact Royce J. Bitzer at mariposa@iastate.edu .

This page was created on October 6, 2002, and most recently updated on December 27, 2002.