Experimental Courses

2007-09 Listing

Last Updated: 2/4/2009

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Accounting 483X. Accounting for Strategic Management. (3-0) Cr. 3. S. Prereq: Acct 383 or 58.  Focus on generation and analysis of accounting information for strategic purposes. Includes performance measurement decisions, balanced scorecard, alternative costing methods, capital budgeting. Emphasis on communication and analysis of information.

Accounting 486X. Volunteer Income Tax Assessment. Cr. 1 Prereq: Acct 284.. Dilla. Introduction to and field work in the preparation of individual income tax returns (state and federal). Basic coverage of filing status, taxable income, exemptions, deductions, and credit. Tax software usage and online filing. May be taken more than once for credit.

Accounting 591X. Fraud Examination and Prevention. (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: 497 or 508.. Principles and methodology of fraud detection and deterrence. Addresses the following issues: causes and elements of fraud, costs to society, asset theft, financial statement misrepresentation, internal controls for fraud prevention, evidence gathering, and legal aspects of fraud.

African American Studies 395X. Africa and Black America Relations. (Same as Hist 395X) Prereq: Af Am 201. Historical study of the factors and forces that shape the relations of continental Africans and Blacks in America from the times of slavery to the present. Historical, social and cultural underpinnings of shared struggles and mutual misconceptions are examined. Acceptable for LAS General Education Requirement credit in the humanities group.

Aerospace Engineering 365X.  Aerospace Systems. Cr. 3. Prereq: Aer E 161 (C- or better) and permission of instructor. Holland. Hands-on introduction to the design and analysis of aerospace systems. Introduction to systems engineering methods, complexity management, and the electrical, computational, hydraulic components of aerospace systems. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Aerospace Engineering 455X. Advanced Flight Mechanics and Flight Testing. (2-2) Cr. 3. Prereq: 355. Advanced concepts from longitudinal and lateral directional static stability, dynamic stability, control and flight handling characteristics. Computer simulations, principles of flight testing, data acquisition and analysis.

Aerospace Engineering 467X.  Multidisciplinary Engineering Design II. Cr. 3. S. (Cross-listed with Cpr E 467X, EE 467X, Engr 467X, IE 467X, Mat E 467X, ME 467X)  Prereq: Student must be within two semesters of graduation or receive permission of instructor. Build and test of a conceptual design. Detail design, manufacturability, test criteria and procedures. Application of design tools such as CAD and CAM and manufacturing techniques such as rapid prototyping. Development and testing of a full-scale prototype with appropriate documentation in the form of design journals, written reports, oral presentations and computer models and engineering drawings. May be taken more than once for credit.

Aerospace Engineering 487X. Art, Design, and Engineering II. (Same as Art 487X) Cr. 1. S. Prereq: ART 486X, DSN S 486X, ART 586X, or AerE 486X. This is a project-oriented course. Students may continue their investigation of the project they focused on in 486X/596X, or they may select a new project. They will be guided in the use and integration of design, engineering, and statistics tools in order to complete a detailed assessment of a final product. A hands-on approach that results in construction of a prototype (when possible) will be emphasized. Weekly brown-bag discussions/presentations will be held. May be taken more than once for credit. Limit 3.

Aerospace Engineering 545X. Advance Experimental Techniques for Thermal-Fluid Studies. Cr. 3. Prereq: 343, or M E 335, or E M 378. A comprehensive introduction of various experimental techniques (from traditional probe-based techniques to advanced non-intrusive laser-based techniques) used for fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, heat transfer, combustions and chemical reacting flow studies. Advanced, laser-based diagnostic techniques such as Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV), Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), Stereoscopic PIV, microscopic PIV, Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF), Molecular Tagging Velocimetry and Thermometry (MTT) as well as the microscopic MTV&T technique.

Aerospace Engineering 568X. Pretreatment of Biomass. (2-2) Cr. 3. S. Prereq: ChE 357 or ME 436. Brief organic chemistry of the lignocellulosic materials, the fundamentals of pretreatment, heat and mass transport phenomena in the biomass pretreatment, and various bioconversion strategies.

Aerospace Engineering 640X. Stability of Fluid Flow. Cr. 3. S. Prereq: AerE 541. Develop equations of linear stability theory. Applications to thermal convection, boundary layers, free-shear layers, stratified flow, capillary flow. Transition from laminar to turbulent flow.

African American Studies 311X. Africa Under Colonial Rule. (Same as Hist 311X.) (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: sophomore classification. Development of Africa from imposition of colonial rural to independence, including processes of European domination, African reaction and resistance, emergence of nationalism, and dismantling of colonialism.

Agricultural Education and Studies 113X. Access to Success Seminar I. Cr. 1 (Same as H SCI 113X). Prereq: Projected sophomore status/at least 24 credit. Grant, Pacheco. A course that provides career skills, learning strategies and social and academic integration techniques to Step Forward program participants. Utilization of campus resources, encouragement of self-exploration and development of academic skills. Agriculture and Human Sciences professional development. Offered on a satisfactory-fail grading basis only.

Agricultural Education and Studies 114X. Access to Success Seminar II. Cr. 1 (Same as H SCI 114X). Prereq: Projected sophomore status/at least 24 credit. Grant, Pacheco. The emphasis of this course will be the application of strategies learned in AGEDS 113X/H SCI 113X. Exploration and utilization of campus resources, development of mentoring relationships with faculty, and development of academic skills.  Agriculture and Human Sciences professional development. Offered on a satisfactory-fail grading basis only.

Agricultural Education and Studies 312X. Science with Practice. (1-3) Cr. 2. May be taken more than once for credit. Prereq: College of Agriculture Majors. Science with Practice (SWP) is a planned learning experience where in each student and faculty mentor develops a learning agreement that encompasses specific activities and expectations. Students are engaged in reflective activities that include journals, micro-reflections, formal presentations, and a comprehensive portfolio. Students will be able to recognize and articulate what is learned through the experience and transfer what is learned to future experiences.

Agricultural Education and Studies 461X. Agricultural Environmental and Natural Resource Law.  Cr. 3. Prereq: Senior Classification. McEowen. The course examines the economic and legal relationships between agriculture and the environment. Examined are the various legal systems for allocating water to agriculture, the reasons legal constraints are necessary for handling natural resource issues, constitutional issues arising from the regulation of land-use activities, and the federal (and state) regulation of air, soil, water, land use, livestock grazing, animals and plants, seed and food products. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Agricultural Education and Studies 488X. Methods of Teaching Agricultural Mechanics. (2-3) Cr. 3. F. Prereq: 211. Teaching methods and management techniques for agricultural mechanics laboratories used in secondary agricultural education programs. Content will include mechanical skills, teaching techniques, management of students and facilities, and safety protocols. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Agricultural Education and Studies 562X. Risk and Crisis Communications in Agriculture and Natural Resources. (3-0) Cr. 3 F., offered 2008. Prereq: graduate classification. Examines potential risk and crisis communications scenarios in agriculture and the relevant theories, models, and processes to address these types of situations effectively.

Agricultural Engineering 326X. Biorenewable Systems. (Same as Agron 326, An S 326, BusAD 326, Econ 326, TSM 326.) (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: Econ 101: Chem 155 or higher; Math 140 or higher. Converting biorenewable resources into bioenergy and biobased products. Biorenewable concepts as they relate to drivers of change, feedstock production, processes, products, co-products, economics, transportation/logistics, and marketing

Agricultural Engineering 380X. Principles of Biological Systems Engineering. (2-2) Cr. 3.  Prereq: A E 216. Unit-operation analysis of biological systems, through the study of mass, energy, and information transport in bioresource production and conversion systems. Quantification and modeling of biomass production, ecological interactions, and bioreactor operations.

Agricultural Engineering 410X. Electronic Sys Integration for Ag Mach & Prod Sys. (Dual-listed with 510X). Cr. 3. Prereq: 363 or equivalent. System architecture and design of electronics used in agricultural machinery and production systems. Emphasis on information technology and systems integration for automated agriculture processes. Design of Controller Area Network (CAN BUS) communication systems and discussion of relevant standards (ISO 11783 and SAE J1939). Application of technologies for sensing, distribution control, and automation of agricultural machinery will be emphasized. Nonmajor graduate credit. Special course fees.

Agricultural Engineering 432X. Nonpoint Source Pollution and Control. (Dual-listed with 532X). (3-0) Cr. 3. Alt S. Offered 2009. Prereq: EM 378 or ChE 356 or ME 335. Characteristics and courses of non-point source (NPS) pollution in agricultural and urban watersheds, computer modeling and NPS pollution for terrestrial and aquatic systems, strategies to control and manage NPS pollution of water bodies, total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) and integrated watershed management. Graduate students are required to review research papers and develop/deliver lecture models on assigned topics.

Agricultural Engineering 451X. Food and Bioprocess Engineering. (Dual-listed with 551X) (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: 216 and ChE 357 or ME 436, or FSHN 351 and Math 266 or 267. Application of engineering principles to the quantitative analysis of food and bioprocessing systems. Physical/chemical characteristics of biological systems, flow processes, thermal processes and separation processes.

Agricultural Engineering 510X. Electronic Sys Integration for Ag Mach & Prod Sys. (Dual-listed with 410X). Cr. 3. Prereq: 363 or equivalent. System architecture and design of electronics used in agricultural machinery and production systems. Emphasis on information technology and systems integration for automated agriculture processes. Design of Controller Area Network (CAN BUS) communication systems and discussion of relevant standards (ISO 11783 and SAE J1939). Application of technologies for sensing, distribution control, and automation of agricultural machinery will be emphasized. Nonmajor graduate credit. Special course fees.

Agricultural Engineering 532X. Nonpoint Source Pollution and Control. (Dual-listed with 432X). (3-0) Cr. 3. Alt S. Offered 2009. Prereq: EM 378 or ChE BE 356 or ME 335. Characteristics and courses of non-point source (NPS) pollution in agricultural and urban watersheds, computer modeling and NPS pollution for terrestrial and aquatic systems, strategies to control and manage NPS pollution of water bodies, total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) and integrated watershed management. Graduate students are required to review research papers and develop/deliver lecture models on assigned topics.

Agricultural Engineering 551X. Food and Bioprocess Engineering. (Dual-listed with 451X) (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: 216 and ChE 357 or ME 436, or FSHN 351 and Math 266 or 267. Application of engineering principles to the quantitative analysis of food and bioprocessing systems. Physical/chemical characteristics of biological systems, flow processes, thermal processes and separation processes.

Agronomy 116X. Quantitative Methods in Agronomic Sciences. (3-0) Cr 3. Prereq: Two years of high school algebra, one year of high school trigonometry, or MATH 140. Applications of mathematical methods for solving agronomic problems. Statistical modeling, dimensional analysis, rate and growth equations. Sampling design, data collection and manipulation, and hypothesis testing. Computer tools for data manipulation and problem solving.

Agronomy 160X. Water Resources of the World. Cr. 3.   (Same as Geol 160X and Mteor 160X)  Study of the occurrence, history, development, and management of the world’s water resources. Presentation of basic principles in the hydrologic science including weather and climate, surface and groundwater processes, and water quality. Historical and current perspectives of water policy, water use and development will be studied. Role water plays in society and the environment locally and around the world.

Agronomy 311X. Professional Internship in Agronomy. (1-0) Cr. 1. Prereq: Agron 110, agronomy majors only, permission of instructor. Pogranichniy. A supervised learning experience in a professional setting related to crop production, plant breeding, soil science, or environmental science. Repeatable

Agronomy 317L. Principles of Weed Science Laboratory. (0-3) Cr. 1. Prereq: enrollment in Agron 317. Optional lab to accompany Agron 317. Identification, biology and management of important weeds of agronomic and horticultural habitats. Field trips.

Agronomy 326X. Biorenewable Systems. (Same as AE 326, An S 326, BusAD 326, Econ 326, TSM 326.) (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: Econ 101: Chem 155 or higher; Math 140 or higher. Converting biorenewable resources into bioenergy and biobased products. Biorenewable concepts as they relate to drivers of change, feedstock production, processes, products, co-products, economics, transportation/logistics, and marketing

Agronomy 337X. Seed Dormancy: Biology and Technology. (1-0) Cr. 1. F.  The biology and practical implications of seed dormancy. Introduction of current theories on seed dormancy as well as the potential role of dormancy in seed storage, establishment and use, including the role of seed dormancy in weed seed banks. Additionally, standard laboratory assessments of dormancy will be discussed. This course is offered via the internet.

Agronomy 443X. Environmental Management of Livestock. (Dual listed with 543X. Same as An S 443X/543X) (3-2) Cr. 4. Prereq: An S 319, or Agron 212 and Agron 354. Relationship of livestock production to environmental quality. Management approaches to preserve environmental quality and optimize productivity of farming enterprises through effective integration of resources in confinement and grazing-based livestock production systems. Development of management plans.

Agronomy 484X. Organic Agriculture: Theory and Practice. Cr. 3.  (Dual listed with 584X) (see also Hort 484X, Hort 584X, SusAg 584X). Prereq: 9 cr. in biological or physical sciences or permission of the instructor. Delate, DeWitt. Understanding of the historical origins and ecological theories underpinning the practices involved in organic agriculture. Interdisciplinary examination of organic crop/livestock production, socio-economic processes and policies and ethical issues in organic agriculture.

Agronomy 523X. Molecular Plan Breeding. (2-2) Cr. 3. S. Prereq: Agron 421 or 521, GDCB 542A. Plant breeding in the era of sequenced genomes and transformation. High throughout genomic technologies will be presented in relation to various applications in plant breeding.

Agronomy 543X. Environmental Management of Livestock. (Dual listed with 443X. Same as Agron 443X/543X) (3-2) Cr. 4. Prereq: An S 319, or Agron 212 and Agron 354. Relationship of livestock production to environmental quality. Management approaches to preserve environmental quality and optimize productivity of farming enterprises through effective integration of resources in confinement and grazing-based livestock production systems. Development of management plans.

Agronomy 566X. Science, Policy and Food. (Dual listed with Econ 366X. Same as VDPAM 366X and VDPAM 566X.) (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: Graduate classification or permission of instructor. The role of science in food policy development and implementation. Use of case studies to illustrate core concepts such as methods of synthesizing primary research data and economic methods of policy evaluation.

Agronomy 584X. Organic Agriculture: Theory and Practice. Cr. 3.  (Dual listed with 484X) (see also Hort 484X, Hort 584X, SusAg 584X). Prereq: 9 cr. in biological or physical sciences or permission of the instructor. Delate, DeWitt. Understanding of the historical origins and ecological theories underpinning the practices involved in organic agriculture. Interdisciplinary examination of organic crop/livestock production, socio-economic processes and policies and ethical issues in organic agriculture.

Agronomy 588X. GIS for Geoscientists II. Cr. 3. (Same as Geology 588X) Prereq: Familiarity with ArcGIS (a foundation such as: EnSci 446, AE 405/525, AE 408/508, CRP 451/551, NREM 446, Geol 452/552 or equivalent with instructor’s approval). Advanced topics in geographic information systems (GIS) using ArcGIS 9.x (ArcMap and extension modules). Main focus on raster (grid) GIS data analysis and operations – also involves triangulated irregular networks (TINs) and 3D visualization (ArcScene). Includes a major class project, if possible using raster data relevant to the students’ research.

Air Force Aerospace Studies 151X. Air Force Physical Readiness. (0-2) Cr. 1. May be taken more than once for credit. Prereq: Enrollment as a cadet in an Air Force Aerospace Studies class. Uses basic military training skills and instruction to develop confidence, leadership, communication skills and physical fitness. The team approach is utilized in the instruction and application of Air Force physical fitness requirements. Students will learn various Air Force physical fitness techniques as will as how to conduct physical fitness sessions. Full participation in all events will be determined based on the students physical and medical eligibility.

Animal Ecology 454X. Principles of Wildlife Disease. Cr. 3 (Same as A ECL 554X). Prereq: Junior standing and at least 10 credits in biological sciences at the 300+ level or graduate standing. Ecological and epidemiological aspects of disease as they relate to wildlife populations. Topics to be covered include: major classes of disease; detection, description, monitoring, and management of disease; characteristics and interactions between disease agents and wildlife hosts; relationship between wildlife, domestic animal, and human health.

Animal Ecology 554X. Principles of Wildlife Disease. Cr. 3 (Same as A ECL 454X). Prereq: Junior standing and at least 10 credits in biological sciences at the 300+ level or graduate standing. Ecological and epidemiological aspects of disease as they relate to wildlife populations. Topics to be covered include: major classes of disease; detection, description, monitoring, and management of disease; characteristics and interactions between disease agents and wildlife hosts; relationship between wildlife, domestic animal, and human health.

Animal Ecology 575X. Quantitative Techniques in Field Ecology. Cr. 3. Prereq: Stat 401. Otis. The primary intended audience is graduate students who are early on in their coursework and research program. The course will be relevant to both terminal M.S. students and Ph. D. candidates. Topics will be intended to serve 3 purposes: 1) provide basic design and analysis tools that can be useful to students both in graduate program and their future career, 2) expose students to current topics that are complementary to other quantitative courses, 3) provide a foundation for more advanced courses in quantitative ecology.

Animal Science 306X. Equine Selection and Evaluation. Cr. 3. Prereq: Sophomore classification or permission of instructor. Detailed visual evaluation of conformation and performance of the equine athlete. Decision-making skills are practiced in the context of making selection choices. Development of written or oral communication skills as students defend their judgments. Industrial trends will be addressed.

Animal Science 312X. Livestock Production for Niche Markets. (3-0) Cr. 3. F.  Prereq: 6 credits of courses in Animal Science. Overview of the factors that define and shape niche markets for livestock products. Designing and operating livestock systems to meet demands of niche markets. Regulatory guidelines and marketing approaches for niche livestock production and markets. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Animal Science 326X. Biorenewable Systems. (Same as AE 326, Agron 326, BusAD 326, Econ 326, TSM 326.) (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: Econ 101: Chem 155 or higher; Math 140 or higher. Converting biorenewable resources into bioenergy and biobased products. Biorenewable concepts as they relate to drivers of change, feedstock production, processes, products, co-products, economics, transportation/logistics, and marketing

Animal Science 443X. Environmental Management of Livestock. (Dual listed with 543X. Same as Agron 443X/543X) (3-2) Cr. 4. Prereq: An S 319, or Agron 212 and Agron 354. Relationship of livestock production to environmental quality. Management approaches to preserve environmental quality and optimize productivity of farming enterprises through effective integration of resources in confinement and grazing-based livestock production systems. Development of management plans.

Animal Science 452X. Animal Industry and Veterinary Genetics. Cr. 3. Prereq: An S 352. Evaluation of alternate breeding programs in domestic animals. Approaches will include quantitative and molecular methods useful to professionals in animal science and veterinary medicine. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Animal Science 543X. Environmental Management of Livestock. (Dual listed with 443X. Same as Agron 443X/543X) (3-2) Cr. 4. Prereq: An S 319, or Agron 212 and Agron 354. Relationship of livestock production to environmental quality. Management approaches to preserve environmental quality and optimize productivity of farming enterprises through effective integration of resources in confinement and grazing-based livestock production systems. Development of management plans.

Anthropology 350X. Primate Behavior. Cr. 3. (Dual-listed with 550X) Prereq: Anthr 202 and/or basic biology course recommended. An introduction to the Order Primates with a focus on their behavior. Biological and social adaptations of monkeys, apes, and prosimians will be explored as well as basic evolutionary concepts, current trends and theories in the field of Primatology, and issues related to primate conservation. Acceptable for LAS General Education Requirement credit in the Natural Sciences group.

Anthropology 482X (A-D). Topics in Biological Anthropology. (Dual-listed with 582X). (3-0) Cr. 3. May be taken up to 9 times for credit. Prereq: 307. In-depth study of current topics in biological Anthropology, such as new fossil specimens, research on the evolution of cognition, the emergence of applied primatology, and the dynamic field of population genetics as each of these topics relates to the Order Primates. Topics include:

• A.  Paleoanthropology
• B.  Primate Cognition
• C.  Primate Conservation
• D.  Population Genetics and Human Evolution

Anthropology 550X. Primate Behavior. Cr. 3. (Dual-listed with 350X) Prereq: Anthr 202 and/or basic biology course recommended. An introduction to the Order Primates with a focus on their behavior. Biological and social adaptations of monkeys, apes, and prosimians will be explored as well as basic evolutionary concepts, current trends and theories in the field of Primatology, and issues related to primate conservation.

Anthropology 582X (A-D).Topics in Biological Anthropology. (Dual-listed with 482X). (3-0) Cr. 3. May be taken up to 9 times for credit. Prereq: 307. In-depth study of current topics in biological Anthropology, such as new fossil specimens, research on the evolution of cognition, the emergence of applied primatology, and the dynamic field of population genetics as each of these topics relates to the Order Primates. Topics include:

• A.      Paleoanthropology
• B.      Primate Cognition
• C.     Primate Conservation
• D.     Population Genetics and Human Evolution

Apparel, Education Studies, and Hospitality Management 102X. Directions Learning Community. (1-0) Cr. 1. Prereq: Freshmen or transfer status and declared major in either HRI or FCEDS.  Introduction to the Hotel Restaurant Institution Management and Family and Consumer Science Education and Studies programs including academic requirement and opportunities, strategies for transition to college, career awareness, and learning/study strategies.

Apparel, Educational Studies, and Hospitality Management 111X. Professional Development for Apparel, Educational Studies, and Hospitality Management. (1-2) Some WWW lectures. Cr. 3. F,S. Career exploration, presentation and professional skills, teamwork, critical thinking, technology, and service learning components.

Arabic 101X. Elementary Arabic I. Cr. 4. Introduction to modern standard Arabic. Development of reading, writing, listening comprehension, and speaking skills. Attention to use of the Arabic alphabet. Presentation of culture and social customs in Arabic-speaking countries.

Arabic 102X. Elementary Arabic II. Cr. 4. Introduction to modern standard Arabic. Development of reading, writing, listening comprehension, and speaking skills. Attention to use of the Arabic alphabet. Presentation of culture and social customs in Arabic-speaking countries.

Architecture 519X. Middle Eastern Cities: Their History and Contemporary Plemics. Cr. 3.   Graduate or senior classification. This course introduces the history of the Middle East emphasizing the relationship between political and social change and their effect on the built environment and artistic production. The course investigates particular Middle Eastern cities in depth to accentuate the strong connection between history and contemporary life in these cities

Architecture 529X. Spatial Dialectics in the American Midwest . (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: Graduate standing or senior classification (all ISU majors). Evolution of places can be understood as a struggle between different social groups over meaning and symbols which are manifested in names, events, physical structures and social boundaries erected over the landscape. This seminar studies spatial formations and their relationship to physical characteristics, social and economic conditions, legislative and political structures, historical evolution, environmental characteristics, production technologies, and racial negotiations. This seminar studies these various components of space and their specificities in the American Midwest.

Art and Design 321X. Intermediate Ceramics II. Cr. 3.   Prereq: ArtIS 205. This course will focus on sculptural forms employing throwing, handbuilding, and claybody research to develop student’s skills and knowledge in ceramics. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Art and Design 486X. Art, Design, and Engineering. Cr. 3. (Dual-listed with 586X) (Cross-listed with Aer E 486X and Dsn S 486X.) Prereq: junior classification. Design and engineering students work in teams to design for aesthetics, functionality, and the personal experience. The course will cover the major concepts in art and design, engineering, physics, mathematics, and statistics. These concepts will be developed in relation to a specific project and focus, which varies each semester. May be taken more than once for credit: maximum of 6 credits. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Art and Design 487X. Art, Design, and Engineering II. (Dual-listed with 587X)(Same as AerE 487X) Cr. 1. S. Prereq: ART 486X, DSN S 486X, ART 586X, or AerE 486X. This is a project-oriented course. Students may continue their investigation of the project they focused on in 486X/596X, or they may select a new project. They will be guided in the use and integration of design, engineering, and statistics tools in order to complete a detailed assessment of a final product. A hands-on approach that results in construction of a prototype (when possible) will be emphasized. Weekly brown-bag discussions/presentations will be held. May be taken more than once for credit. Limit 3.

Art and Design 586X. Art, Design, and Engineering. Cr. 3. (Dual-listed with 486X) (Cross-listed with Aer E 486X and Dsn S 486X.) Prereq: junior classification. Design and engineering students work in teams to design for aesthetics, functionality, and the personal experience. The course will cover the major concepts in art and design, engineering, physics, mathematics, and statistics. These concepts will be developed in relation to a specific project and focus, which varies each semester. May be taken more than once for credit: maximum of 6 credits. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Art and Design 587X. Art, Design, and Engineering II. (Dual-listed with 487X) Cr. 1. S. Prereq: ART 486X, DSN S 486X, ART 586X, or AerE 486X. This is a project-oriented course. Students may continue their investigation of the project they focused on in 486X/596X, or they may select a new project. They will be guided in the use and integration of design, engineering, and statistics tools in order to complete a detailed assessment of a final product. A hands-on approach that results in construction of a prototype (when possible) will be emphasized. Weekly brown-bag discussions/presentations will be held. May be taken more than once for credit.

Art: Graphic Design 391X. Graphic Design Field Study. (1-0) Cr. 1 Prereq: Enrollment in third year graphic design studio course, or prior course completion. Study and tours of areas of interest within the graphic design profession such as graphic design studios, printers, paper distributors and suppliers, and museums. Offered on a satisfactory/fail basis only.

Art: Interior Design 598X. Research Forum. (1-0) Cr. 1. May be taken more than once for credit. Presentation and discussion of cross-disciplinary design research theory, methods, and applications. Focus on the investigation, application and communication of design research of varying types, for varying purposes.

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Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology 316X. Principles of Biochemistry and Metabolism. (3-0) Cr. 3. F.S. Prereq: Chem 231 or 332; Biol 212. Understanding biological systems at the molecular level; chemistry of biological macromolecules, enzyme function and regulation, metabolic pathways; integration of metabolism in diverse living systems. For students in biology and related majors who do not require the more rigorous treatment of biochemistry found in BBMB 404/405.

Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology 431X. Advanced Concepts and Techniques in Biotechnology. (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: 405 or 301 with permission of instructor. Theory and practice of state-of-the-art methodologies in post-genomics biological sciences, including proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, mass spectrometry, protein-protein interactions, molecular evolution and systems biology. Relevant current issues in the biotechnology industry, such as regulatory, marketing, intellectual property, patenting and societal issues will also be discussed.

Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology 481X. Senior Seminar. (1-0) Cr. 1. Prereq: Senior Classification. Preparation and practice of oral presentation of scientific data. Resume writing and interview techniques. Offered on a satisfactory-fail grading basis only.

Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 110X. Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Orientation. (1-0) Cr. 0.5. F. First 8 weeks. Orientation to the area of bioinformatics and computational biology. For students considering a major in BCBIO. Specializations and career opportunities. Offered on a satisfactory-fail grading basis only.

Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 211X. Introduction to Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. (3-0) Cr. 3. S. Overview of bioinformatics and computational biology. Database searching, sequence alignment, gene prediction, RNA and protein structure prediction, construction of phylogenetic trees, comparative and functional genomics.

Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 442 A,B,C,D. Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Techniques  Cr. 0.5. S. Prereq: Junior standing. Modular minicourses consisting of guided tutorials and hands-on computer software exercises focused on fundamental problems, approaches, and software applications in bioinformatics and computational biology. Nonmajor graduate credit. Satisfactory – Fall only. 

• A. Sequence Database Searching
• B. Protein Structure Databases, Visualization, and Prediction.
• C. Phylogenetic Analysis.
• D. Microarray Analysis

Biological Engineering 201X. Introduction to Bioengineering I. (3-0) Cr. 3. F. Prereq: Chem 167. An exploration of cell structure and function, cellular metabolism, types of life forms, energy transport and use, biomolecule structure and function, and enzyme structure, function, and kinetics, with strong mathematical emphasis.

Biological Engineering 202X. Introduction to Bioengineering II. (3-0) Cr. 3. F. Prereq: Bio E 201X. Feedback loops in biological systems, cell and microbial growth patterns, fermentation kinetics, and use of biotechnology in everyday living such as disease, wastewater treatment, genetic engineering of bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals, and biosensor operation. Strong mathematical emphasis.

Biological Systems Engineering 380X. Principles of Biological Systems Engineering. (2-2) Cr. 3. S. Prereq: AE 216 and ChE 357 or ME 436. Unit-operation analysis of biological systems, through the study of mass, energy, and information transport in bioresource production and conversion systems. Quantification and modeling of biomass production, ecological interactions, and bioreactor operations. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Biology 306X. Metabolic Physiology of Mammals. Cr. 3. Prereq: 211, 212. Introduction to physiology of metabolic function in mammals and other animals. Metabolic processes and their interactions with various subsystems, approached form an organismal perspective. Integration of cellular, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal processes, relevant to their control and integration at the nervous and endocrine system levels. Functional aspects of organismal physiology; energy and water balances, physiology of rest exercise, and environmental stress. Students cannot receive credit for both BIOL 306X and BIOL 335.  

Biology 328X. Cell Physiology of Human Diseases. (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: 212. Survey of macromolecular and ultrastructural organization of animal cell and membrane structures, including recent molecular discoveries in areas of genomics and proteomics involved with cell growth and cell interactions. Emphasis on selected topics of cellular functions with known human disease states.

Biology 330L. Principles of Plant Physiology Laboratory. (0-3) Cr. 1. Prereq: Credit or enrollment in 330. Laboratory to accompany Biol 330. Experiments and explorations illustrating fundamental principles of plant physiology. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Biology 336X. Ecological and Evolutionary Animal Physiology. (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: 211, 212. Study of mechanisms by which animals perform life-sustaining functions; the evolution and adaptive significance of physiology traits, the diversity of physiological mechanisms, and how physiology and ecology interact.

Biology 436L. Neurobiology Laboratory. (0-3) Cr. 1. F. Prereq: Credit or enrollment in 436; permission of instructor to enroll in lab.  Laboratory experimentation and demonstrations on integration, coding plasticity, and development in nervous systems. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Biology 455X. Bryophyte and Lichen Biodiversity. (Dual-listed with EEOB 555X.) Cr. 3. Prereq: Biol 212, Biol 212L. Introduction to the biology and ecology of mosses, liverworts, and lichens. Emphasis on identification and diversity of local representatives of these three groups of organisms. Required field trips and service-learning. Nonmajor graduate credit. 

Biology 471X. Introductory Conservation Biology. (3-0) Cr.3. Prereq: Biol 312. Examination of conservation issues from a population and community perspective.  The role of genetics, demography, and environment in determining population viability, habitat fragmentation, reserve design, biodiversity assessment, and restoration ecology.

Biomedical Sciences 353X. Topics in Molecular Veterinary Medicine. Cr. 1. S. (Dual-listed with 553X) Prereq: completion or enrollment in BMS 354.  Descriptions of molecular aspects of receptors and signal transduction. Clinical relevances of receptor dysfunctions and receptor exploitation/mimicry by microbioal pathogens. Future directions of molecular veterinary medicine.

Biomedical Sciences 553X. Topics in Molecular Veterinary Medicine. Cr. 1. S. (Dual-listed with 553X) Prereq: completion or enrollment in BMS 354.  Descriptions of molecular aspects of receptors and signal transduction. Clinical relevances of receptor dysfunctions and receptor exploitation/mimicry by microbioal pathogens. Future directions of molecular veterinary medicine.

Biorenewable Resources and Technology 535X. Thermochemical Processing of Biomass. (Same as ME 535X) (3-0) Cr. 3. S. Prereq: Undergraduate course work in thermodynamics and transport phenomena.  Introduction to thermal and catalytic processes for the conversion of biomass to biofuels and other biobased products. Topics include gasification, fast pyrolysis, hydrothermal processing, syngas to synfuels, and bio-oil upgrading. Application of thermodynamics, heat transfer, and fluid dynamics to bioenergy and biofuels.

Biorenewable Resources and Technology 545X. Production and Use of Biofuels. Cr. 3. Prereq: 501 or one course in organic chemistry. Basic principles for the production and utilization of biobased fuels with special emphasis on ethanol and biodiesel. Fermentation of carbohydrates to ethanol and transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fats. Process chemistry of ethanol and biodiesel manufacturing. Fuel properties and utilization in internal combustion engines.

Biorenewable Resources and Technology 592X. International Perspectives in Biorenewables. Cr.2. Prereq: Permission of student’s major professor and selection by the BRT program coordinating committee. International study abroad program in Europe. Overview of the sustainability-driven production of biomaterials and analysis of the supply chain from primary production and transformation to environmentally friendly consumer and industrial products.

Biorenewable Resource and Technology 597X. Biorenewable Resource and Technology Internship. Cr. 1 to 3. Prereq: Major or co-major status in BRT. This is a formal internship course requiring at least 100 hours of industrial internship per credit hour. A summary of work experience paper is required for a passing grade, along with a letter form the industrial supervisor indicating satisfactory performance on site. Offered on a satisfactory-fail grading basis only.

Business Administration 326X. Biorenewable Systems. (Same as AE 326, Agron 326, An S 326, Econ 326, TSM 326.) (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: Econ 101: Chem 155 or higher; Math 140 or higher. Converting biorenewable resources into bioenergy and biobased products. Biorenewable concepts as they relate to drivers of change, feedstock production, processes, products, co-products, economics, transportation/logistics, and marketing

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Chemistry 201L. Laboratory in Advanced General Chemistry (0-3). Cr. 1. Prereq: Credit or enrollment for credit in 201. Laboratory to accompany 201. Introductory lab experience in synthesis and analysis to prepare student for research activities 201L must be taken with 201. Only one of 163L, 167L, 177L or 201L may count toward graduation.

Chinese 499X. Internship in Chinese. Cr. 1-3 each time taken. F.S.SS. Prereq: 9 credit of Chinese at the 300 level or permission of department and internship coordinator.  Work experience using Chinese in the public and private sector, combined with academic work under faculty supervision. Satisfactory-fail only. May be repeated for a maximum of 6 credits. Up to 3 credits may apply toward Chinese minor or LCP minor

Civil Engineering 120X. CE Cornerstone Learning Community. Cr. R. May be repeated for credit. The CE Cornerstone Learning Community will assist first-year students integrate into the Civil Engineering program. Under the direction of faculty and peer mentors, students will work both individually and in learning teams to complete assignments and activities involving teamwork, academic preparation, study skills, and preparation for entry into the civil engineering profession. Offered on a satisfactory-fail grading basis only.

Civil Engineering 483X. Pavement Analysis and Design. (Dual-listed with C E 583X). (3-0) Cr.  3. Prereq: 382, 360. Analysis, behavior, performance, and structural design of pavement systems; topics include climate factors, rehabilitation, life cycle, design economics, material and systems response, and traffic loading. Development of models for and analysis of pavement systems; use of transfer functions relating pavement response to pavement performance; evaluation and application of current and evolving pavement deign practices and procedures; analysis of the effects of maintenance activities on pavement performance; and economic evaluation of payment systems. Offered for nonmajor graduate credit.

Civil Engineering 556X. Transportation Data Analysis. Cr. 3. Prereq: 355, Stat 101 or 105 .Gkritza. Analysis of transportation data, identification of data sources and limitations. Static and dynamic data elements such as infrastructure characteristics, flow and operations-related data elements. Spatial and temporal extents data for planning, design, operations and management of transportation systems. Summarizing, analyzing, modeling and interpreting data. Use of information technologies for highways, transit, and aviation systems.

Civil Engineering 563X. Experimental Methods in GeoEngineering. Cr. 3. Prereq: C E 360; C E 560; or permission of instructor. White. Experimental analysis of soil shear strength, permeability, and consolidation using conventional and stress path controlled triaxial system, automated consolidometers, and flexible wall permeability systems. Overview of applications of instrumentation and monitoring geotechnical structures.

Civil Engineering 576X. Environmental Flows. Cr. 3. Prereq: E M 378 or equivalent. Rehmann. Analysis and application of flows in civil engineering, environmental engineering, and water resources.  Primary topics include conservation laws, laminar flow, turbulence, mixing, diffusion, dispersion, water waves, and boundary layers.  Associated applications include particle settling, transfer at air-water and water-sediment boundaries, flow and friction in pipes and open channels, containment transport, waves in lakes, jets, plumes, and salt wedges.

Civil Engineering 583X. Pavement Analysis and Design. (Dual-listed with C E 483X). (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: 382, 360. Analysis, behavior, performance, and structural design of pavement systems; topics include climate factors, rehabilitation, life cycle, design economics, material and systems response, and traffic loading. Development of models for and analysis of pavement systems; use of transfer functions relating pavement response to pavement performance; evaluation and application of current and evolving pavement deign practices and procedures; analysis of the effects of maintenance activities on pavement performance; and economic evaluation of payment systems. Offered for nonmajor graduate credit.

Classical Studies 201X. Technical Terminology in Professions. Cr. 3. Essential vocabulary and concepts in English that are derived from Latin and Ancient Greek. Formation and usage of technical terminology. Cultural influence of the classical languages. Analysis of technical writings.

Community and Regional Planning 464X. Learning from Rome: Transportation, Planning and Urban Sustainability. (Dual-listed with 564X; same as DsgnS 464X and Env S 464X). Cr. 3. Planning and design of systems for moving people and freight around and between cities in context of a major European metropolitan area: Rome. Consideration of the history and important role of infrastructure in the development of cities and the importance of transportation in the functioning and livability of cities. Basic transportation planning concepts. Extensive on-site study of the multimodal transportation system of Rome and its vicinity. Consideration of sustainability and design elements in transportation.

Community and Regional Planning 564X. Learning from Rome: Transportation, Planning and Urban Sustainability. (Dual-listed with 464X; same as DsgnS 564X and Env S 564X). Cr. 3. Planning and design of systems for moving people and freight around and between cities in context of a major European metropolitan area: Rome. Consideration of the history and important role of infrastructure in the development of cities and the importance of transportation in the functioning and livability of cities. Basic transportation planning concepts. Extensive on-site study of the multimodal transportation system of Rome and its vicinity. Consideration of sustainability and design elements in transportation.

Community Development 512X. Sustainable Communities. Cr. 3. F. Students will learn the conceptual relationships among Community and Sustainable Development and Sustainable Communities and examine the social, environmental, and economic aspects of sustainable communities.  The course includes analysis of public policy impacts on community sustainability, practical actions for enhancing sustainability, and changing power dynamics and reward structures involved in incorporating sustainability into Community Development. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Community Development 513X. Economics Development Strategies and Programs. (3-0) Cr. 3. Course explores theories of local economic development and addresses the development issues faced by communities in the 21^st century. Students will understand and apply concepts from economic development planning, economic analysis, business development, human resource development, community-based development, and high-technology development. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Community Development 514X. Impact Analysis (1-0) Cr. 1. Basics of economic and fiscal impact analysis. Scenario construction, basics of input-analysis, careful use of multipliers, estimations of local revenues and expenditures and discounting. 

Community Development 516X. Local Economic Analysis. Cr.1. Stallman. Applied course covers economic base theory, a theory of regional economics, multipliers and how local economics are affected by external events. Trend analysis, location quotients, shift share analysis and retail trade analysis.

Community Development 520X. Orientation in Community Development (1-0) Cr. 1. Introduction to the Community Development program.  Focus on on-line delivery methods, graduate level research and writing, technology skills.

Community Development 522X. Community Leadership and Capacity Building. Cr. 3.   Defining leadership and applying it to the workplace. Understanding of potential link between leadership and community capacity. Identifying strategies for leadership development in communities.

Community Development 523X. Grant Writing for Community Development Professionals. (1-0) Cr. 3. Introduce students to the basics of grant writing. Focus in on what community developers need to know to be successful grant seekers. Practice writing parts of a proposal and review sections of a sample proposal.

Community Development 524X. Non-Profit Management in Community Development. Cr. 3.   Understanding of how non-profit organizations are run in order that they may participate more fully in community development efforts. Learning skills necessary to assist organizations to manage community development projects and programs, such as, budgeting, planning, personnel, facilities, volunteer management, and fundraising. Nonmajor graduate credit.

Community Development 525X. Seminar: Role of Tribal Colleges in Economic Development. Cr. 1.  Focus on role of tribally-chartered colleges and universities in economic development within Native communities. Social capital analytic framework to examine and evaluate tribal college model of economic development.

Community Development 532X. Community and Regional Economic Analysis II. Cr. 3. S. Prereq: C Dev 506. Substantive grounding in the theories and practice of measuring community economic dynamics; build solid foundation skills for applied community economics analysis.

Community Development 590X. Special Topics in Community Development. Cr. 1 to 3. Prereq: Permission of Instructor. Repeatable.

Community Development 592X. Research Colloquia. Cr. 1. F. S. Repeatable. Prereq: Graduate classification.  Attend Computer Science Research Colloquia. Written summary is required. Offered on a satisfactory-fail basis.

Community Development 594X. Managerial Application of Collaborative Technologies and Social Media. Cr. 3. Prereq: graduate level standing. Building, managing, and using collaborative technologies. Collaborative uses of social media such as blogs, wikis, picture and video sharing, social networks, Second Life, and other media. Students will be exposed to both concepts covering these topics as well as hands on use of management of several collaborative technologies.

Computer Engineering 388X. Embedded Systems I: Microcontrol and Systems Design. Cr. 4  Prereq: CPR E 288X. Zhao, Manimaran, Rover, Tyagi. Behavior models with accompanying performance and correctness (model) verification. Translators (assemblers and compiler backends). Buses such as AMBA.Interface devices: ADC, TPU ( a coprocessor example). Interrupt handling system example, and its role in performance and real time issues for an application.Formal methods.Power/resource management.DPA algorithms. feedback directed control.control area networks.

Computer Engineering 467X. Multidisciplinary Engineering Design II. Cr. 3. S. (Cross-listed with Aer E 467X, EE 467X, Engr 467X, IE 467X, Mat E 467X, ME 467X)  Prereq: Student must be within two semesters of graduation or receive permission of instructor. Build and test of a conceptual design. Detail design, manufacturability, test criteria and procedures. Application of design tools such as CAD and CAM and manufacturing techniques such as rapid prototyping. Development and testing of a full-scale prototype with appropriate documentation in the form of design journals, written reports, oral presentations and computer models and engineering drawings. May be taken more than once for credit.

Computer Engineering 528X. Probabilistic Methods in Computer Engineering.  (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: Com S 311. The application of randomization and probabilistic methods in the design of computer algorithms, and their efficient implementation. Discrete random variables in modeling algorithm behavior, with applications to sorting, selection, graph algorithms, hashing, pattern matching, cryptography, distributed systems, and massive data set algorithmics.

Computer Engineering 547X. Resource Allocation in Communication Networks. Cr. 3. Analytical approach to resource allocation on communication networks (e.g. the Internet, multihop wireless networks, etc.). Network utility maximization and the Internet congestion control algorithm. Layering as optimization decomposition: A cross-layer design approach in multihop wireless networks. Capacity of ad hoc wireless networks.

Computer Engineering 632X.  Information Assurance Capstone Design. (same as Infas 632X) Cr. 3. Prereq: 531, 532, 534. Capstone design course which integrates the security design process. Design of a security policy. Creation of a security plan. Implementation of a security plan. The students will attach each other’s secure environments in an effort to defeat the security systems. Students evaluate the security plans and the performance of the plans. Social, political and ethics issues. Student self-evaluation, journaling, final written report, and an oral report.

Computer Engineering 294X. Program Discovery. (Same as EE 294X). Required. Prereq: EE/CprE 166; credit or registration in Math 166. The roles of professionals in computer and electrical engineering. Relationship of coursework to industry and academic careers. Issues relevant to today’s world.

Computer Science 433X. Computational Models of Nanoscale Self-Assembly. (Dual-listed with Com S 533X). Cr. 3 Prereq: Com S 331 or permission of instruction. Lutz. Modeling and analysis of natural and engineered systems that spontaneously assemble themselves from small components. Topics include bimolecular self-assembly, tile assembly models, computation via self-assembly, distributed folding, origami models, and self-repair. Emphasis on mathematical methods of describing, simulating, programming, and verifying the behaviors of self-assembling systems. Graduate credit requires a written or oral report on current research.

Computer Science 533X. Computational Models of Nanoscale Self-Assembly. (Dual-listed with Com S 433X). Cr. 3 Prereq: Com S 331 or permission of instruction. Lutz. Modeling and analysis of natural and engineered systems that spontaneously assemble themselves from small components. Topics include bimolecular self-assembly, tile assembly models, computation via self-assembly, distributed folding, origami models, and self-repair. Emphasis on mathematical methods of describing, simulating, programming, and verifying the behaviors of self-assembling systems. Graduate credit requires a written or oral report on current research.

Computer Science 575X. Computational Perception. (Same as HCI 575X). Cr. 3. Prereq: Graduate/Advanced Undergraduate standing or by permission. Programming skills and previous exposure to probability and linear algebra classes is highly recommended. Stoytchev. Statistical and algorithmic methods for sensing, recognizing, and interpreting the activities of people by a computer. The focus is on machine perception techniques that facilitate and augment human-computer interaction. The main goal of the class is to introduce computational perception on both theoretical and practical levels. The students will work in small groups to design, implement, and evaluate a prototype of a human-computer interaction system that uses one or more of the techniques covered in lectures.

Computer Science 558X. Introduction to the 3D visualization of scientific data. (Same as GEOL 558X, HCI 558X). (2-2) Cr. 2. Prereq: graduate student standing in the mathematical or natural sciences.  Harding. Introduction to visualizing scientific information with 3D computer graphics and their foundation in human perception. Overview of different visualization techniques and examples of successful 3D visualization project form different disciplines (natural sciences, medicine, engineering). Final project in interactive 3D visualization using the OpenDX software application or VTK.

Computer Science 598X. Computer Science Internship. Cr. 1-3. F,S,SS. Tavanpong. Prereq: permission of Computer Science Director of Graduate Education (DOGE), gradate classification. Supervised internship working in professional setting appropriate to the student’s degree program. Academic work under faculty supervision. May be taken more than once for credit; 9 credit maximum. Offered on a satisfactory-fail grading basis only.

Criminal Justice Studies 403X. Criminal Offenders. Cr. 3. Prereq: CJST 240 or CJST/Soc 241. Introduction and overview of criminal offenders. Theory and research on epidemiology, offender typologies, etiology of violence, recidivism, societal costs, correctional supervision, treatment, and prevention of serious antisocial behavior.

Curriculum and Instruction 203X. Exploring Mathematics and Science Teaching. Cr. 1. S. Exploration and discussion of teaching mathematics and science as a career path including the state of math and science teachers in Iowa and nationally. Study of effective science and mathematics teaching practices using research findings from NSTA and NCTM. Preparation and delivery of simulated mathematics and science lesions to upper elementary school students. Satisfactory - Fail only.

Curriculum and Instruction 216X. Learning Community Orientation to Teacher Education. Cr. 1. Prereq: First semester freshmen El Ed major or other majors interested in seeking pre-K to 12 grade school teacher certification. Learning community for transitioning to college and university community life. Overview of pre-K to 12 grade school teacher certification requirements in Iowa and other states. Program and career planning.  Field trips(s). Offered on a satisfactory-fail grading basis only.

Curriculum and Instruction 555X. Literacy, Leadership, and Advocacy. Cr. 3. S. Prereq: Graduate standing; Consent of Literacy Education Faculty. Examination of the roles of literacy specialists/coaches in diverse PreK-12 schools and communities. Particular focus placed on current theories, research, standards, and policies relative to literacy processes and instruction, including culturally responsive literacy; processes of successful literacy caching; and methods of supporting teachers and other school personnel in planning, implementing, and evaluating literacy instruction for all students.

Curriculum and Instruction 577X. Historical Perspectives on Technology Equity: Implications for Policy and Practice. (3-0) Cr. 3. Prereq: Graduate Status. Exploration of the historical, political, sociological, and economic factors that engender global inequities. Examination of the definition and origin of the ˜digital divide and its relationship to the histories of racism, sexism, classism, and imperialism/globalization. Exploration and analysis of research-based alternative approaches to alleviating technology inequities in educational setting.

Curriculum and Instruction 615X. Seminar. Cr. 1. S. Selected topics in special education; analysis of current special education research potential; evaluation of impact upon the profession; implications for additional research. May be taken more than once for credit – limit 2.

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