lect_1-28-30

“I believe anyone can conquer fear by doing things he fears to do, provided he keeps doing them until he gets a record of successful experiences behind him.”

To inform my audience of the ways handwriting analysts determine personality traits by examining a person's writing.

Handwriting analysts try to determine personality traits by examining the consistency, angularity, and size of a person's writing.

In lecture we did a memory and structure experiment.

D. Strategic Ordering is the Key.

1. Identify the organizational method used in each of the following sets of main points.

I. Cesar Chavez is best known for his efforts to protect the rights of Hispanic farm workers in California.

II. Cesar Chavez was also a tireless advocate for Hispanic racial and cultural pride in general.

Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the major accomplishments of Cesar Chavez.

This is Topical Order

The most common organizing strategy.
Perfect structure for speeches about types of things or speeches that list aspects of a topic.
To use it well, the points must have a clear link or theme.
This structure offers only limited strategic benefit.

2. Identify the organizational method used in each of the following sets of main points.

I. The game we know as golf originated in Scotland during the 15th century.
II. Most of golf's rules and traditions developed during the 19th century.
III. Professional golf tours for men and women emerged during the 20th century.
IV. Today golf is at a peak of popularity among every day players and as a spectator sport.

Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the historical development of the sport of golf.
Chronological Order

This is Chronological Order

Main points are arranged according to a time sequence.
Process speeches are usually chronological.
Speeches about events and about people can use chronological order.
There is a strong psychological benefit to this structure.

3. Identify the organizational method used in each of the following sets of main points.

I. Caused by the bite of infected mosquitoes, West Nile Virus is spreading throughout the United States.
II. The effects of West Nile Virus include flu-like symptoms, convulsions, swelling of the brain, and sometimes, death.

Central Idea: West Nile Virus is spread by infected mosquitoes and results in serious illness.

This is Causal Pattern: Only 2 main points
Certainly has psychological benefits since causal reasoning is a way that we process information in the world.

Can run cause to effect as in the above example, or it can run effect to cause:

I. Studies have shown increasing levels of bacteria inside Iowa’s grocery stores.
II. The bottle bill is responsible for this health hazard.

Causal patterns lend themselves to persuasive speeches of fact.
Causal patterns can be used for informative speeches
especially for medical topics i.e. causes and effects of diabetes

4. Identify the organizational method used in each of the following sets of main points.

I. The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is about as thick as a sheet of paper.
II. The middle layer of the skin, the dermis, is 15 to 40 times thicker than the epidermis.
III. The innermost layer of the skin, the subcutaneous tissue, is by far the thickest layer.

Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the characteristics of the layers of the skin.
Central Idea: The outer, middle and innermost layers of the skin each have distinct characteristics.

This is Spatial Pattern

Follows a directional pattern: outside to inside; east to west, top to bottom etc.
Great for informative speeches about places or for historical topics.
There is some psychological benefit to this pattern, especially with visual learners.

5. Identify the organizational method used in the following set of main points.

I. Childhood obesity has reached crisis proportions in the United States.
II. Solving the problem will require changes in attitudes, eating habits, and exercise.

Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience that the U.S. must take steps to solve the problems of childhood obesity.
Central Idea: Childhood obesity is a serious problem in the U.S. that must be addressed through changes in attitudes and the adoption of healthy habits.

This is Problem-Solution: Only 2 main points

Used most often in persuasive contexts.
It has a strong psychological benefit.
You first prove that something is broken.
And then you fix it.

Practice: Can you correctly identify the pattern of organization used in each of the following sets of main points?
I. The first area in the recycling plant is the collection room.
II. Beyond the collection room we come to the sorting area.
III. Conveyor belts from the sorting area take like materials to the processing facilities.
IV. From the processing facilities, the processed raw materials are shipped to manufacturers.

I. Recycling has its roots in pioneer culture.
II. Modern recycling efforts emerged in the 1970s with the rise of environmentalism.
III. Today, recycling has become a multimillion dollar industry.

I. Communities are turning to municipal recycling programs for various reasons.
II. The effects of municipal recycling programs include reduced use of landfills and reduced pollution.

I. The United States faces a serious landfill crisis.
II. The United State's landfill crisis can be met by the adoption of mandatory recycling programs.

I. One way to recycle is to reduce your use of packaging.
II. Another way to recycle is to reuse materials whenever possible.
III. A final way to recycle is to collect and turn in used materials that can be remanufactured into new material.

I. One cause of the Civil War was the economic disparity between North and South.

II. A second cause of the Civil War was the disparity in ideas about the nature of the federal government.

Paired Perspectives Speech VERSUS	Informative Speech
4 minutes Two people! Simple topic and structure; no required sources Points grading looking primarily at the parts of the speech—the structure, not delivery Visual aid suggested One note card	6 minutes More fully developed; 3 cited sources min. Graded holistically; feedback on all parts of the presentation, esp. structure and delivery Visual Aid required Formal outline required Extemporaneous delivery